The United Nations (UN) is a global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the articulated mission of maintaining international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals. War in the Middle East remains one of the world’s largest humanitarian crises. After seven years of devastating and unrelenting conflict, some 23.4 million Yemenis (73% of the country’s population) depend on humanitarian assistance to survive, including 4.3 million internally displaced persons (IDPs). The country has the fourth-largest IDP population due to conflict in the world. 

Escalation of conflict, ongoing insecurity, embargoes and a collapsed economy have pushed an estimated 80% of the population below the poverty line. The protection environment throughout the country remains dire, and civilians keep bearing the brunt of the conflict. 

Iran hosts 95,815 refugees and asylum-seekers, mainly from Somalia and Ethiopia. It remains the only country in the Arabian Peninsula signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention and a geographic crossroad for migratory and transitory movements from the Horn of Africa and beyond.